The Nonviolent and Violent Campaigns and Outcomes (NAVCO) data project is the first of its kind to collect systematic data on both violent insurgencies and nonviolent civil resistance campaigns. The coverage is global, but it is limited to maximalist campaigns, meaning those which seek to overthrow an incumbent government, to expel a foreign military occupation, or to secede from an existing state.
NAVCO now has multiple published versions, as well as several others in progress. All versions and supporting materials can be found on the project’s Harvard Dataverse page.
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NAVCO 1.0 included a consensus list of 323 major campaigns from 1900 to 2006. NAVCO 1.1 updated the original list and made minor corrections. In NAVCO 1.2, Erica Chenoweth and Christopher Wiley Shay updated the data through 2013 and added new cases discovered through further research. In early 2020, Chenoweth and Shay released the list of campaigns they are coding in NAVCO 1.3, which covers 622 campaigns from 1900 to 2019. They will release the full NAVCO 1.3 dataset, with corrections and the full variable list, by the end of 2020.
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In 2013, Erica Chenoweth and Orion Lewis introduced the NAVCO 2 series with the release of NAVCO 2.0, an updated and expanded version of the data that covered 250 campaigns from 1945 to 2006. In the NAVCO 2 series, the data are disaggregated at the annual level, so that researchers can track changes in campaigns over time. Each annual observation also included a host of new variables, ranging from the campaign’s observed participation size to the diversity of participation to the opponent’s response to third-party support to the strategic progress of the campaign. NAVCO 2.1, which Erica Chenoweth collected with Christopher Wiley Shay, covers campaign-year data for 384 campaigns during the period 1945-2013. NAVCO 2.1 adds new campaigns, corrects known coding errors, and adds several new variables, including aggregate participation counts, fatality ranges, and a nuanced set of variables regarding violent flanks. In late 2020, Chenoweth & Shay plan to release NAVCO 2.2, which updates the campaign-year data through 2019.
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Erica Chenoweth, Orion Lewis, and Jonathan Pinckney introduced the NAVCO 3 series in 2018. NAVCO 3.0 reports daily resistance events in 26 countries from 1990 to 2011, with a variety of indicators such as the type, scope, and category of each event. Further versions in the 3.0 series are not expected at this time.